Selecting Plants With Good Design Principles

By Kent Higgins

Ideally, permanent planters are part from an architect's plan and are less costly to install while the house is being built. But planters can be built into existing buildings at any time, to serve the same decorative or functional purposes.

Some planters are sunken, so that the plants seem to be growing out of the floor; some are raised, on top of a counter or low bookcase, so you look at the garden from eye level. Planters can be recessed into a wall, to create a vertical instead of horizontal picture. In all kinds of planters, alone or combined with other types of plants, vines have many decorative jobs to do.

In a contemporary glassed-in entrance or breezeway, for example, a planter garden makes the house more attractive from the outside, and welcomes the guest. From the inside it integrates the entrance and the yard or garden beyond the glass. The fluid, flowing lines of vines can be used to complete this effect.

Raised planters can be used to divide large rooms into smaller units without cutting down on the spaciousness the larger areas were designed for in the first place, or to screen off kitchen or dining areas without darkening them. Here, vines climbing a support give the impression of extra height; or they fill unsightly gaps between upright plants and the container.

When a planter garden is a main focal point or object of interest, vines are used to create harmony between plants of different color and contour, and between plants and container.

All the principles of good design are put into play when a permanent planter is designed. It should be in proper proportion to the area it divides or decorates, should carry its proper weight in the over-all balance of the design, and should have lines, texture, and finish that fit its purpose of either creating a center of interest or supporting one.

Even more important, the plants should be selected and arranged in accordance with good design principles. Good taste and moderation are vital. Jamming in too many plants creates a suffocating forest. Plant sparsely, because the plants will grow. Allow space for each specimen to display its natural form and individuality. Textures need to be seen separately and in relation to each other, and there should be a clear-cut definition between colors before they overlap and blend. Give climbers room to climb in and something to support them on their way; give trailers space to spread out in. Don't let vines obscure, or be smothered by, other plants.

Select large, bold vines for suitably large areas, delicacies for small gardens. Try placing an upright specimen slightly off-center, for informal balance. To create a horizontal line, set plants of equal height along the back of the planter. Line up plants of gradually increasing size when you want to lead the eye up to an adjacent wall or window. Neat, methodical rows of plants in pots can be staccato or monotonous; natural groups of two or three are usually better, and five or more are best.

Plants can be set with their roots directly in the soil in a planter, or their pots sunk in peat moss or some other moisture-holding medium, or set on a layer of gravel or pebbles. Plants in pots like aloe vera plant give you more flexibility. You can remove and replace ailing plants, and renew or rearrange the garden at will. There's also less danger of rot from overwatering.

When an architect plans an indoor garden for some spot where daylight would be too dim to keep plants growing, he may also plan a skylight over it. Interior decorators sometimes substitute artificial light - spotlights for drama, side lights to intensify texture, overhead fluorescent tubes to simulate the sky. But before you plan to grow plants under artificial light, make sure you get the latest reliably accurate information. - 29956

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